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Labor

Key terms
Why men work
What work is
The worker’s place

Toil

Why is work so often felt as a burden? Toil is labour that tires the body and wears the mind, and it is where the question of work usually begins. These readings ask whether such effort is a punishment, a vanity or simply the lot of every person.

3 readings

The Book of Genesis, chapter 3 of the Douay-Rheims text, gives the sentence pronounced on Adam after the fall: “cursed is the earth in thy work”, with “labour and toil” and “the sweat of thy face” to follow. It is the scriptural text from which the Fathers and the later tradition begin when they speak of work after sin. It sits under this term as the first word of Scripture on toil.

In chapter 2 of Ecclesiastes (Douay-Rheims) the Preacher, one of the sapiential books, reviews the works he has carried out “under the sun” and comes to “hate” his “application”, since an heir “wise or a fool” will have rule over all of it. The passage belongs to the book’s repeated verdict of “vanity”. It sits under this term as the sacred writer’s own account of labour and “sorrows”.

Chapter 40 of Ecclesiasticus, the book of Jesus the son of Sirach in the Douay-Rheims Bible, speaks of “great labour” and a “heavy yoke” laid upon “the children of Adam”. The sapiential book is read in the Church’s lectionary and was cited often by the Fathers. The verses stand under this term for their naming of the yoke itself.