Commentaria in Deuteronomium
3. If anyone be not purified by this rite, his soul shall perish out of the midst of the Church, Ibid. verse 20.
XIX. Ceremonial concerning the cleanliness of the camp.
1. A man defiled by a nocturnal dream shall go out of the camp, and shall not return before he be washed with water at evening, Deut. xxiii, 10.
2. Thou shalt have a place without the camp, to which thou mayest go for the necessities of nature, carrying a paddle at thy girdle; and when thou sittest down, thou shalt dig round about, and with the earth that is dug up thou shalt cover that which thou art eased of, and let thy camp be holy, and let nothing unseemly appear in it: because the Lord is in the midst of thy camp, Ibid. verse 13.
XX. Ceremonial concerning simplicity and the avoidance of duplicity.
1. Thou shalt not sow thy vineyard with divers seeds, Deut.
2. Thou shalt not plough with an ox and an ass, Ibid. verse 10.
3. Thou shalt not wear a garment woven of wool and linen, Ibid. verse 11.
4. Thou shalt not make thy cattle go with beasts of another kind, Levit. xix, 19.
XXI. Ceremonial law concerning habit and apparel.
1. You shall not cut your hair round-wise, nor shave your beard, Levit. xix, 27.
2. You shall not make any cuttings in your flesh for the dead, nor make any figures or marks upon you, Ibid.
3. You shall not make any baldness for the dead: for thou art a holy people to the Lord, Deut. xiv, 1.
4. Let your garments have fringes with ribands of blue, which may always admonish you of the law.
XXII. Ceremonial law concerning clean and unclean meats.
1. Land animals that divide the hoof and chew the cud are clean, as the ox, the sheep, the kid, the hart, the roe, the buffalo, the tragelaphus, the pygarg, the camelopard, Deut. xiv, 4.
2. But those that divide not the hoof, as the camel, the hare, the coney, the porcupine, or that chew not the cud, as the swine, are unclean, Levit. xi, 3.
3. Fishes that have fins and scales are clean; those that lack either fins or scales are unclean, Ibid. vers. 9.
4. The unclean birds are the eagle, the griffon, the osprey, the kite, the vulture, the glede, the ostrich, the owl, the sea-mew, the hawk, the heron, the swan, the ibis, the diver, the porphyrion, the night-raven, the onocrotalus and the plover, Deut. xiv, 12.
5. Everything that creepeth and hath little wings is unclean, Ibid. vers. 19.
6. All reptiles are unclean, and he that toucheth them
7. Locusts, because they leap, are clean, Ibid. 22.
8. The weasel, the mouse, the crocodile, the shrew, the chameleon, the stellion, the lizard, the mole, are unclean, Ibid. 29.
9. Every meat, if water be poured upon it, shall be unclean, Ibid. vers. 34.
10. If any beast die, he that toucheth the carcass shall be unclean until the evening; and he that eateth of it shall wash his garments, and be unclean until the evening, Ibid. vers. 39.
11. You shall not eat any beast that dieth of itself, but you shall sell it to the stranger, Deut. xiv, 21.
12. Flesh that hath been tasted by beasts you shall not eat, but shall cast it to the dogs, Exod. xxii, 31.
13. You shall not eat the fat, but shall burn it to God, if you be near the temple, Levit. xvii.
14. You shall not eat the blood, but shall pour it out to God, Ibid.
XXIII. Ceremonial law of feasts.
1. This month (Nisan, that is, March) shall be to you the beginning of months; it shall be the first in the months of the year. On the tenth day of it let every man take a lamb or a kid, that is without blemish, a male of a year old, which he shall kill on the fourteenth day at evening, roast, and eat with wild lettuce and unleavened bread: seven days shall you eat unleavened bread, Exod. xii, vers. 1 and following.
2. No uncircumcised person shall eat of it, but whosoever is circumcised, be he stranger or servant, shall eat of it, Ibid.
3. It shall be eaten in one house; thou shalt not carry forth any of the flesh out of the house; they shall leave nothing of it until morning, but what remaineth they shall burn with fire, Ibid.
4. He that shall be unclean, or in a journey afar off, shall keep the phase in the second month, on the fourteenth day at evening,
5. In the place which the Lord shall choose, that his name may dwell there, thou shalt sacrifice the phase, Deut. xvi, 6.
6. On the first day of the unleavened bread and on the seventh, you shall abstain
7. On the second day of the unleavened bread thou shalt offer the firstfruits of the ears of barley, and with them a lamb for a holocaust; neither shalt thou eat new bread or parched corn before, Levit. xxiii, 10.
8. At the Pasch, daily for seven days, you shall offer for a holocaust two calves, one ram, seven lambs, and for sin one goat, with their libations, Num. xxviii, 16.
1. Thou shalt number from the second day of the unleavened bread fifty days, and the fiftieth day shall be Pentecost, on which you shall offer two loaves of the firstfruits, and with the loaves seven lambs, one calf, and one ram for a holocaust, another goat for sin, and two lambs for a sacrifice of peace offerings, Levit.
2. Again, by reason of the feast, you shall offer two calves, one ram, seven lambs for a holocaust, and one goat for sin, Num. xxviii, 27.
On the first day of the seventh month shall be the feast of the sounding of trumpets: you shall do no servile work therein, Levit. xxiii, 24; and then you shall sacrifice one calf, one ram, seven lambs, Num. xxix, 1.
On the tenth day of the seventh month shall be the feast of atonement; on it you shall afflict your souls, Levit. xxiii, 27; on it you shall offer one calf, one ram, seven lambs, Num. xxix, 7. Moreover the high priest shall cast lots on two goats, one to be sacrificed, the other to be the scapegoat, and he shall make atonement for the Sanctuary and the Holy of Holies, with the rite which I described on Levit. xvi.
On the fifteenth day of the seventh month you shall celebrate the feast of tabernacles for seven days; and then, first, you shall dwell in tabernacles; secondly, you shall take the fruit of the citron tree, branches of palm trees, boughs of myrtle and willows, and you shall rejoice and dance before the Lord, Levit. xxiii, 34; thirdly, on each day you shall offer the victims prescribed, Num. xxix, 12.
The eighth day shall be a feast of assembly and gathering, Levit. xxiii.
The Calends. On the first day of every month you shall offer for a holocaust two calves, one ram, seven lambs, with their libations, Num. xxix, 11.
On the seventh day of the week shall be the solemnity of the sabbath; therein you shall do no work, nor kindle a fire, Exod. xxxv, 3. And then, besides the continual sacrifice, you shall offer two lambs for a holocaust, with their libations, Num. xxviii, 9.
In the seventh year, which is the year of liberty and remission, first, thou shalt not sow, nor reap, nor prune, nor gather the vintage; secondly, thou shalt remit to thy brother, that is, the Jew, all that he owes thee; thirdly, thou shalt let the Hebrew servants go free; fourthly, thou shalt read Deuteronomy. All these things are set forth in Deut. xv, 2 and following, and
1. After seven times seven years, that is, 49, in the seventh month, thou shalt proclaim the following year, the fiftieth, to be a jubilee, Levit. xxv, 8 and following.
2. In the jubilee, first, thou shalt not sow nor reap; secondly, thou shalt remit to the Jew all debts; thirdly, thou shalt set servants free; fourthly, all shall return to their ancestral inheritances freely, and without price, Ibid.
XXIV. Ceremonial law concerning homicides.
1. If the body of one slain be found in the field, the ancients of the neighbouring city shall bring a heifer to a rough valley, and there they shall slay it, and wash their hands over it, and say: Our hands have not shed this blood, nor have our eyes seen it; be merciful to thy people Israel, Deut. xxi, 1.
2. The involuntary homicide shall remain in the city of refuge until the death of the high priest, Num. xxxv, 25.
THUS MUCH HAS BEEN SAID OF THE CEREMONIAL PRECEPTS OF MOSES; THE JUDICIAL ONES FOLLOW, DISTRIBUTED INTO THEIR CLASSES.
3. Marriage and divorce.
5. The killing of animals.
7. The manservant and the maidservant.
9. Hired servants, strangers and the poor.
12. Thefts and damages.
I. Judicial laws concerning the king.
1. Set a king over thee from among thy own nation, and let him not multiply, first, horses; secondly, wives; thirdly, riches; fourthly, let him write out and read continually Deuteronomy; fifthly, let him not lift himself up proudly over the people, Deut. xvii, vers. 14 and following.
II. Judicial law of war.
1. If thou go out to war, the priest shall stand before the army and say: Hear, O Israel, be not afraid, give not back, for the Lord is in the midst of you, Deut. xx, 1.
2. The captains also shall proclaim that those who have built new houses or vineyards, and likewise the betrothed and the fearful, return home, Ibid. vers. 5.
3. When thou goest out against thy enemies to fight, thou shalt keep thyself from every evil thing, Deut.
4. If a city surrender, let it become tributary; but if it be taken by force, let all the males be slain except the little ones; in Chanaan, however, let all without exception be slain, even women and children, Deut. xx, 13.
5. Cut not down the fruit trees near a city, but only the barren ones, that you may build engines of war from them, ibid. vers. 19.